Step-by-step diagram of making a do-it-yourself feed extruder

The extruder is an expensive device for the preparation of compound feed, an irreplaceable “helper” in a small household plots and on a large farm. The cost of the device is very high for many owners, but each farmer can make an extruder for feed with his own hands, using special schemes and preparing all the required materials. The assembly process of the unit cannot be called simple, but using detailed instructions, you can do it yourself, saving a round amount of money.

What is an extruder

An extruder is a device designed for processing grain and vegetables for combined feed. Such raw materials are much better absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract of farm animals and birds..

Processing of grain raw materials in the extruder is carried out by means of maximum temperatures, as well as pressing, which is carried out under a pressure of 50 atmospheres. At the exit comes a product that outwardly resembles small corn sticks 3-4 cm in size, with a dense and elastic texture.

There are various models of extruders on the market, which differ in power and output volume. For a household, a unit is quite enough, the productivity of which is 30-50 kg / hour. The cost of this device is from 50,500 rubles. Using detailed instructions and drawings, each owner will make a do-it-yourself grain extruder, saving good money at the same time.

A home-made unit allows not only to press plant raw materials for animals, but also to process grains, disinfect compound feed and heat it, mix several products into a single mixture.

Mechanism of work and device

Before assembling the device yourself, you need to study in detail the principle of operation and the device of the extruder, as well as prepare all the required materials and components.

The design of the device consists of the following parts:

• frames – used as a base;
• engine;
• belts;
• drives;
• containers for loading;
• cuffs;
• gearboxes;
• washers;
• carved blades;
• block for control;
• screw discharge conveyor;
• auger equipped with a separate drive;
• containers (tank);
• regulation key.

In a self-made unit, the main role is assigned to the auger injection unit, which is mounted inside the cylinder. Thanks to the block with sharp blades, the finished feed takes the shape of elongated “sausages”.

Design features and materials

The feed extruder screw consists of an outer and inner part, heating washers and a heating screw. The nodes are installed on top of left-hand threaded studs, from above they are covered with metal housings. Due to the keys, the revolutions are directed from the main shaft towards the combination auger. It is very important to securely fix all elements on the frame..

There is a hole on the body frame, to which the receiving part is attached. On the inner side, grooves are located longitudinally, which ensure the mixing of all feed components on the longitudinal side of the axis. A regulator is fixed from the output side, consisting of an output housing, a matrix block, and a blade pressed against the matrix block by spring parts.

To create a do-it-yourself feed extruder, you need to prepare everything you need:

• motor with a power of 2.2 kW;
• a set of gears from YuMZ or other tractor boxes;
• springs of 8 mm;
• rods with a cross section of 50 mm;
• welding equipment.

It is convenient to control the temperature of the unit by means of a thermocouple fixed on the frame. Most home-made models of granulators work due to electrical voltage, devices that operate on gasoline are used much less often..

How to make a do-it-yourself feed extruder

It will take a lot of time and effort to make a do-it-yourself feed extruder.

The work is carried out in several stages.:

1. First of all, you need to prepare the cylinder – for this, weld the gears from the tractor box together. Further, the spring is mounted on the surface of the hydraulic cylinder. Boil all the elements, if the seam is uneven – process with a grinder.
2. Grind two axle boxes using turning equipment – they are used for the gearbox as well as the auger. Weld the shaft element with the auger and the axle boxes into a single piece, be sure to place a bearing between the axle boxes.
3. At the next stage, the head of the equipment is attached to the auger, which is used as a regulator of the die with welded nozzles..
4. Cover the auger with a metal body, collect all the elements and fix on the frame.
5. At the final stage, mount the electric motor, starting part and belts, install a tank on top for loading raw materials.

A homemade device can process up to 30-35 kg of compound feed in 60 minutes. The performance indicator of the unit directly depends on the power of the motor used.

A grain extruder without a motor on large farms is used much less often, since it has a minimum productivity.

How to make an extruder from a meat grinder

For the manufacture of granulators, various materials at hand are used, for example, a meat grinder. Such an extruder has a minimum power and is not intended for processing solid feed, as there will be an increased load on the rod. Most often, such units are used to prepare vegetable feed for rabbits and other farm animals..

Necessary materials:

• meat grinder with all the details;
• two pulleys 1: 2;
• a blank 6 cm thick – it will be used to make a matrix;
• an electric motor from any household appliance – a vacuum cleaner or an old washing machine;
• a belt that will connect the engine and the grinder.

All operations should be carried out on a workbench or sturdy table, covered with a rubber mat to prevent the elements from slipping..

Step-by-step manufacturing scheme

In order to make a do-it-yourself feed extruder from a meat grinder, you do not need complex diagrams and drawings. First of all, you need to measure the matrix, mesh, dimensions of the shaft and housing. When calculating, keep in mind that the matrix must be tightly attached to the worm gear, so you need to leave room for a small recess.

Then place the press on a sturdy table or workbench and secure it securely with the mounting bolts. Drill holes in the grinder legs.

The main stages of making a feed extruder:

1. To make a matrix, prepare a stencil – you can draw it by hand or use a drawing design program.
2. Drill a hole for the shaft in the center of the die. Its size depends on the diameter of the blank – for an element measuring 20 mm, a hole with a diameter of 3 mm is made, for 25 mm, 4 mm is required.
3. Grind the hole and place the die on the tip of the auger shaft.
4. The lid is made separately, since the old lid from the meat grinder will no longer fit due to the increased thickness. To carve a new thread for it, you can make cuts with a grinder or weld 6 mm pieces of wire to it.
5. Drill a hole in the grinder auger – this will be used to bolt the knife to the outside of the die.
6. Install pulleys – driving to the motor shaft, driven to the crank.
7. Smoothly connect the pulleys to the motor with a belt drive, not forgetting about possible slippage. There should be no teeth on the wheel to which the belt will be attracted, otherwise this element of the extruder will overheat, significantly increasing the risk of unit breakdown.

After assembling the structure, you need to weld the container to the hole that remains from the body of the meat grinder. This funnel will be used to load hay, grain or other raw materials required for the manufacture of compound feed..

A self-made feed extruder is an indispensable “helper” in household plots. It allows you to provide farm animals and birds with high-quality and natural feed, significantly reducing the cost of purchasing factory feed.

We make an extruder for feed with our own hands – video